Straightening machine is a device used to flatten, smooth and shape any rolled or extruded metal. It is also a device used to eliminate residual stress, up and down bending, side bending, crimping, gnawing, and correction markings from extruded products and to produce flat bars of uniform thickness and width.
The equipment can be either pull-through or power-driven. Pull-through machines require a feeder to push the material through and are less expensive and space efficient than powered straighteners. However, they can suffer from inertia issues that lead to poor straightening, and the lack of a driven lower roller can lead to material deformation due to rolling force imbalances.
Power-driven straighteners have drive motors that rotate the work rollers to move the material through. There are several methods for driving the work rollers, but it is essential that all the drives operate at the same speed to ensure even straightening. The most common method is to use one drive motor for the top set of rollers and another for the bottom set. However, this approach requires the machine to have a fixed gap between the top and bottom sets of work rollers.
The power requirement of a straightener is influenced by many factors, including the maximum thickness and width of material, the type of steel, and its yield strength. In general, higher-strength materials have greater demands on the power required to achieve a flat product. The minimum roll penetration that produces an acceptable level of straightness is also important to consider. Excessive penetration can cause poor straightening, reduce the efficiency of the machine, and increase energy consumption.
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